Grammar Activity 2

Demonstrative pronouns point to something specific that can be either near or far in distance or time.

• The demonstrative pronouns are:

1. this (singular – to point out something that is near in either distance or time).
2. that (singular – to point out something this is far away in either distance or time).
3. these (plural – to point out some things that are near in either distance or time).
4. those (plural – to point out some things that are far in either distance or time).

• Circle the demonstrative pronoun in each sentence.

1. This is my favorite teddy bear.

2. Would you like some of these?

3. Those years at the lake were the best times of my life.

4. That is the toy I would like to buy.

5. These are absolutely delicious!

• Choose the correct demonstrative pronoun to complete each sentence.

6. ____________________ (These/This) are the shoes I like.

7. ____________________ (This/That) car over there is the best one.

8. ____________________ (These/Those) books right here are mine.

9. ____________________ (That/Those) store across the street sells clothes.

10. ___________________ (Those/This) students over there are my friends.

11. I’ve been looking for a turkey, and I’d like to buy________(that/those) one.

12. __________________(This/These) is the year we’ll win the championship!

Writing Activity 4

Fantastic Adjectives

Add a descriptive adjective to each highlighted noun to make the sentence more interesting! Use the word box for inspiriation, or think of your own adjectives. Rewrite each sentence with your new adjectives. Be sure to change a to an if the adjectives begins with a vowel.

Dangerous	Amazing	Dark	Enchanted
Beautiful	Brave	Graceful	Magical
Powerful	Terrible	Intimidating	Graceful
Charming	Glorious	Horrible	Fearless

The knight slayed the dragon.

___________________________________

A princess is trapped in the tower.

___________________________________

The wizard cast a spell.

___________________________________

The unicorn galloped through the forest.

___________________________________

A fairy flies through the sky.

___________________________________

The dwarves have beards.

___________________________________ 

Eyes Front! Idiom Practice

Idioms are sayings that have a figurative meaning that is different from its literal, or real, meaning.

For example, “eyes front” means to pay attention, not move your eyes.

Below are images of the literal meaning of some common idioms. Write a sentence using the idiom

and then explain the figurative meaning of the idiom.

Speaking Activity 4

Reading Exercise 4

SEDNA THE SEA GODDESS

Sedna was a beautiful Inuit girl who didn’t want to get married. Many hunters wanted to marry her, but she refused their offers. Her father scolded her, saying, “I am getting older, and soon you will need a good husband who can provide you with food and furs. You must marry the next hunter who asks for you.” Sedna still wasn’t interested.
Soon a young hunter from a distant place came to her father’s camp . He was dressed in warm furs, and spoke in a soft voice. He promised to provide a good home and plenty of animals for food and clothing. Although he kept his face hidden under his hood, Sedna was very impressed with him, so she agreed to marry him.

Sedna got into her husband’s kayak and travelled with him to her new home. When they arrived at his island, she saw that her home was nothing but some sticks and bits of moss and feathers clinging to a large rock. Her husband took off his hood, and she realized that he was not a man, but an evil raven. He never hunted, he only caught fish. Sedna was cold, lonely, hungry, and very unhappy. Every day she cried for her father to come and save her. 

Her father heard her cries and decided to rescue her. He paddled his kayak to the island where she was living. On their way home, Sedna looked back and saw that the raven was following them. He was gaining on them quickly. As the raven came close, her father took his paddle and struck the bird, who had to fall back. Then the raven flapped his powerful wings at the ocean and caused a huge storm to blow up. 

When her father saw that their lives were in danger, he became afraid for his own life. He threw Sedna over the side of the kayak. Sedna tried to save herself. She grabbed onto the kayak with her fingers, but her father took his paddle and beat at her fingers until they broke off. As they sank into the ocean, her fingers turned into seals and fish. Again, Sedna grabbed the kayak with her hands, but her father took his paddle and beat her hands until they also fell into the water. As they sank into the ocean, her hands turned into whales and walrus. Sedna also sank into the ocean.

Sedna lives at the bottom of the ocean. She is the goddess of the sea. She is the one who provides animals for the hunters, but only when she feels generous. When she is angry, and this is often, the hunters can’t find food; and the people go hungry. 
Story retold by Mary Mahoney
Clipart under license from Microsoft for educational use

Answers the questioin below based on the text above!

1.     What did her father want Sedna to do?

a.     Get married.

b.     Hunt for food.

c.     Make clothing from animal skins.

2.     How did Sedna react to the hunters’ proposals of marriage?

a.     She refused their offers.

b.     She said,”Maybe later.”

c.     She was interested.

3.     Why did Sedna agree to marry the young hunter?

a.     He was the best-dressed hunter.

b.     He promised to look after her.

c.     He made a good impression.

4.     What did Sedna find out when she got to her new home?

a.     Her husband was a fisherman, not a hunter.

b.     Her husband was a raven, not a man.

c.     There were no warm clothes for her.

5.     Why did her husband keep his face hidden?

a.     He didn’t want her to know he wasn’t human.

b.     It was a sign of respect.

c.     So the animals couldn’t racognise him.

6.     Because Sedna was so unhappy, what did she do?

a.     She had to eat fish every day.

b.     Every day she cried for her father to come.

c.     She had to hunt.

7.     Why did the Raven fly after Sedna and her father?

a.     He wanted to kill her father.

b.     He wanted to eat their food.

c.     He wanted to get his wife back.

8.     How did the raven cause the dangerous storm?

a.     By calling on the water gods to make a storm.

b.     By flapping his wings at the ocean.

c.     By calling on other ravens to help him.

9.     What did her father do when their lives were in danger?

a.     He beat the Kayak with his paddle.

b.     He threw Sedna out of Kayak.

c.     He called on the gods to help them.

10.  Why did her father throw Sedna out of the kayak?

a.     He wanted to give her to raven.

b.     He wanted to make the kayak lighter.

c.     He wanted to save his own life.

11.  How did Sedna try to save herself?

a.     She asked the raven to help her.

b.     She gave animals to the hunters.

c.     She grabbed the kayak with her finger.

12.  How did the sea animals come into the world?

a.     Sedna’s fingers became the seals and fish, and her hands became the whales and walrus.

b.     The raven created the sea animals.

c.     Her father found them in the sea.

Listening Activity 4

A2 travelling abroad.mp3

Listen to the five airport announcements and do the exercises to practise and improve your listening skills. 

Preparation 
Do this exercise before you listen. Write a number (1-6) to put these sentences in order. 

…………. Wait at the boarding gate 
…………. Go to the checking-in desk. 

…………. Board the plane. 
…………. Go through immigration. 
…………. The plane takes off. 
…………. Arrive at the airport. 

1. Check your understanding: gap fill 

Do this exercise while you listen. Complete the gaps with a word from the box. 

New York   Athens   Amsterdam   Rome   Tokyo 

1. Speaker A: The plane is going to _______________. 

2. Speaker B: The plane is going to _______________. 

3. Speaker C: The plane is going to _______________. 

4. Speaker D: The plane is going to _______________. 

5. Speaker E: The plane is going to _______________. 

2. Check your understanding: gap fill 

Do this exercise while you listen. Complete the gaps. 

1. The 9.25 flight to Rome is delayed by _______________ hours. 

2. Passengers gong to Tokyo should go to boarding gate _______________. 

3. Passengers gong to Athens should go to boarding gate _______________. 

4. The flight number of the plane going to Amsterdam is _______________. It will leave from gate 

_______________. 

5. The time in _______________ is 18.30. 

6. The temperature in New York is _______________ ºF. 

English Tenses

Tense	Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples negative	Examples interrogative
Simple Present or Present Simple	every day sometimes always often usually seldom never first ... then	something happens repeatedly how often something happens one action follows another things in general with the following verbs (to love, to hate, to think, etc.) future meaning: timetables, programmes	infinitive he/she/it + -s	I work.	I don't work.	Do I work?
				He works.	He doesn'twork.	Does hework?
				I go.	I don't go.	Do I go?
				He goes.	He doesn't go.	Does he go?
Present Progressive or Present Continuous	now at the moment Look! Listen!	something is happening at the same time of speaking or around it future meaning: when you have already decided and arranged to do it (a fixed plan, date)	to be (am/are/is) +infinitive + -ing	I'm working.	I'm not working.	Am Iworking?
				He's working.	He isn'tworking.	Is heworking?
				I'm going.	I'm not going.	Am I going?
				He's going.	He isn't going.	Is he going?
Simple Past or Past Simple	last ... ... ago in 1990 yesterday	action finished in the past, mostly connected with an expression of time (no connection to the present)	regular: infinitive + -edirregular: 2nd column of table of irregular verbs	I worked.	I didn't work.	Did I work?
				He worked.	He didn't work.	Did he work?
				I went.	I didn't go.	Did I go?
				He went.	He didn't go.	Did he go?
Past Progressive or Past Continuous	while	an action happened in the middle of another action someone was doing sth. at a certain time (in the past) - you do not know whether it was finished or not	was/were +infinitive + -ing	I was working.	I wasn'tworking.	Was Iworking?
				He wasworking.	He wasn'tworking.	Was heworking?
				I was going.	I wasn't going.	Was I going?
				He was going.	He wasn'tgoing.	Was hegoing?
Simple Present Perfect or Present Perfect	just yet never ever already so far, up to now, since for recently	you say that sth. has happened or is finished in the past and it has a connection to the present action started in the past and continues up to the present	have/has + past participle* *(infinitive + -ed) or (3rd column of table of irregular verbs)	I have worked.	I haven'tworked.	Have Iworked?
				He has worked.	He hasn'tworked.	Has heworked?
				I have gone.	I haven't gone.	Have I gone?
				He has gone.	He hasn't gone.	Has he gone?
Present Perfect Progressive or Present Perfect Continuous	all day the whole day how long since for	action began in the past and has just stopped how long the action has been happening emphasis: length of time of an action	have/has +been + infinitive+ -ing	I have beenworking.	I haven't beenworking.	Have I beenworking?
				He has beenworking.	He hasn't beenworking.	Has he beenworking?
				I have beengoing.	I haven't beengoing.	Have I beengoing?
				He has beengoing.	He hasn't beengoing.	Has he beengoing?
Simple Past Perfect or Past Perfect (Simple)	already just never	mostly when two actions in a story are related to each other: the action which had already happened is put into Past Perfect, the other action into Simple Past the past of the Present Perfect	had + past participle* *(infinitive + -ed) or (3rd column of table of irregular verbs)	I had worked.	I hadn'tworked.	Had Iworked?
				He had worked.	He hadn'tworked.	Had heworked?
				I had gone.	I hadn't gone.	Had I gone?
				He had gone.	He hadn't gone.	Had he gone?
Past Perfect Progressive or Past Perfect Continuous	how long since for	how long something had been happening before something else happened	had + been +infinitive + ing	I had beenworking.	I hadn't beenworking.	Had I beenworking?
				He had beenworking.	He hadn't beenworking.	Had he beenworking?
				I had beengoing.	I hadn't beengoing.	Had I beengoing?
				He had beengoing.	He hadn't beengoing.	Had he beengoing?
will - future		predictions about the future (you think that sth. will happen) you decide to do sth. spontaneously at the time of speaking, you haven't made a decision before main clause in type I of the if clauses	will + infinitive	I'll work.	I won't work.	Will I work?
				He'll work.	He won't work.	Will hework?
				I'll go.	I won't go.	Will I go?
				He'll go.	He won't go.	Will he go?
going to - future		when you have already decided to do sth. in the future what you think what will happen	be (am/are/is)+ going to +infinitive	I'm going towork.	I'm not going towork.	Am I going towork?
				He's going towork.	He's not going to work.	Is he going towork?
				I'm going to go.	I'm not going togo.	Am I going togo?
				He's going togo.	He's not going to go.	Is he going togo?
Future Progressive or Future Continuous		An action will be in progress at a certain time in the future. This action has begun before the certain time. Something happens because it normally happens.	will + be +infinitive + ing	I'll be working.	I won't beworking.	Will I beworking?
				He'll beworking.	He won't beworking.	Will he beworking?
				I'll be going.	I won't begoing.	Will I begoing?
				He'll be going.	He won't begoing.	Will he begoing?
Simple Future Perfect or Future Perfect Simple		sth. will already have happened before a certain time in the future	will + have +past participle* *(infinitive + -ed) or (3rd column of table of irregular verbs)	I'll haveworked.	I won't haveworked.	Will I haveworked?
				He'll haveworked.	He won't haveworked.	Will he haveworked?
				I'll have gone.	I won't havegone.	Will I havegone?
				He'll have gone.	He won't havegone.	Will he havegone?
Future Perfect Progressive or Future Perfect Continuous		sth. will already have happened before a certain time in the future emphasis: length of time of an action	will + have +been + infinitive+ ing	I'll have beenworking.	I won't have been working.	Will I havebeenworking?
				He'll have beenworking.	He won't have been working.	Will he havebeenworking?
				I'll have beengoing.	I won't havebeen going.	Will I havebeenworking?
				He'll have beengoing.	He won't havebeen going.	Will he havebeenworking?
Conditional Simple		sth. that might happen main clause in type II of the Conditional sentences	would +infinitive	I would work.	I wouldn't  work.	Would I  work?
				He would work.	He wouldn'twork.	Would he  work?
				I would go.	I wouldn't go.	Would I go?
				He would go.	He wouldn't  go.	Would he  go?
Conditional Progressive or Conditional Continuous		sth. that might happen emphasis: length of time of an action	would + be +infinitive + ing	I would beworking.	I wouldn't beworking.	Would I beworking?
				He would beworking.	He wouldn't beworking.	Would he beworking?
				I would begoing.	I wouldn't begoing.	Would I begoing?
				He would begoing.	He wouldn't begoing.	Would he begoing?
Conditional Perfect		sth. that might have happened in the past (It's too late now.) main clause in type III of the if clauses	would + have +past participle* *(infinitive + -ed) or (3rd column of table of irregular verbs)	I would haveworked.	I wouldn't haveworked.	Would I haveworked?
				He would haveworked.	He wouldn't have worked.	Would hehaveworked?
				I would havegone.	I wouldn't havegone.	Would I havegone?
				He would havegone.	He wouldn't have gone.	Would I havegone?
Conditional Perfect Progressive or Conditional Perfect Continuous		sth. that might have happened in the past (It's too late now.) emphasis: length of time of an action	would + have +been + infinitive+ ing	I would have been working.	I wouldn't have been working.	Would I havebeenworking?
				He would have beengoing.	He wouldn't have beengoing.	Would he  have beenworking?
				I would have been going.	I wouldn't have been going.	Would I havebeen going?
				He would have been going.	He wouldn't have beengoing.	Would he  have beengoing?

We sometimes use Continuous instead of Progressive. Some signal words can be found in more tenses. We did not list signal words in the future tenses as there are no definite ones. Always remember what action is described.

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/tenses_table.pdf